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‎NETFLIX 紀錄片系列

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‎地球的最北端

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‎是極端之地

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‎當冬季降臨

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‎北極風導致溫度驟降

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‎就連耐冷的阿拉斯加棕熊
‎也要找地方避寒

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‎棕熊承受不了天寒地凍

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‎不得不踏上一場非凡之旅

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‎當北極斜倚，進入黑暗寒冷的冬季

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‎棕熊開始往上爬

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‎爬進高山區域

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‎在陡峭的山坡上
‎尋找可以避寒的洞窟或巢穴

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‎在數百公尺的高處

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‎生活在極地的熊族

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‎必須應對各個季節帶來的艱鉅挑戰

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‎為此

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‎牠們仰賴牠們與宇宙的特殊連結

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‎因為熊族的生物機制中記錄著

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‎每一個關鍵時刻

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‎發生在地球45億年的歷史裡

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‎那些威力與毀滅超乎想像的事件

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‎為我們這個宇宙
‎創造出一個無與倫比的世界

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‎劇名：四季交替

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‎這是露娜，六歲的母熊

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‎牠抵達了安全的巢穴

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‎這裡將是牠未來六個月的家

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‎一個舒適的窩

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‎好讓牠在長眠中度過寒冬

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‎（冬眠第一天）

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‎白天越來越短

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‎牠的身體隨著地球的節律產生反應

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‎牠的心律開始變慢

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‎每分鐘只跳八下

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‎牠安穩躺下

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‎體溫也跟著下降

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‎接著牠便沉沉地進入夢鄉

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‎熊族與宇宙之間的強大連結

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‎促使露娜鑽到地底度過嚴冬

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‎幸而不必面對日後的漫長旅途

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‎因為在巢穴外

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‎地球馬不停蹄地移動

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‎（第一天）

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‎每一天，地球都繞著地軸自轉一周

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‎（第二天）

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‎（第三天）

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‎（第四天）

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‎（第五天）

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‎每個月，月球會繞地球公轉一圈

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‎一個月一個月過去

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‎地球和月球繞著太陽運行

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‎在露娜沉睡的這段期間

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‎（十二月）

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‎牠將移動四億七千萬公里

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‎（二月）

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‎（三月）

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‎這趟史詩級的宇宙之旅

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‎繞了太陽半圈

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‎就在今年

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‎牠獲得了新的旅伴

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‎（冬眠第122天）

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‎在半睡半醒之間

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‎露娜產下了

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‎兩隻熊寶寶

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‎幼熊在巢穴裡進食睡眠
‎直到春天來臨

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‎然而多了兩張嘴要餵

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‎露娜的身子實在不堪負荷

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‎牠的皮下脂肪細胞開始萎縮

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‎儲存的能量全都拿去生產奶水了

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‎（冬眠第154天）

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‎在地底待了五個月後

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‎露娜的體重已經掉了超過四分之一

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‎外頭的溫度依舊維持在零下

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‎露娜渴望春天趕快到來

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‎才能繼續餵養牠的新生兒

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‎幸運的是

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‎地球有個小怪癖

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‎它走路是歪的

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‎（傾角23度）

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‎所以，當它在太空中移動時

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‎一年的不同時節裡

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‎地球不同部分會朝太陽傾斜

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‎造成季節交替

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‎這意味著在阿拉斯加

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‎神奇的事情要發生了

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‎日子一天天過去

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‎太陽在空中的位置越來越高

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‎溫暖的陽光讓地景改頭換面

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‎露娜和牠的寶寶正好求之不得

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‎牠皮膚上的神經末梢

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‎探測到太陽的溫暖

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‎隨著白天漸漸變長

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‎牠眼睛後方的特化細胞

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‎感受到光照一點一滴地增加

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‎離我們最近的恆星
‎直接傳來這些秘密訊息

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‎告訴露娜該從冬眠中醒來了

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‎並揭示地球的季節正在徐徐交替

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‎然而在太陽系中

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‎四季分明的地球

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‎其實非比尋常

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‎我們的隔壁鄰居金星

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‎距離太陽比較近

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‎因此比地球還要熱得多

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‎由於金星沒有傾角

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‎幾乎沒有季節之分

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‎全年溫度都保持在炙熱高溫

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‎（攝氏471度）

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‎離開金星

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‎跳過地球

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‎便是火星

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‎火星的運行軌道導致它與太陽的距離

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‎在一年中劇烈變動

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‎使火星的季節

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‎比我們地球的季節極端得多

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‎（攝氏零下125度）

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‎在冬季，火星有超過
‎四分之一的大氣層都結冰了

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‎到了夏季

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‎火星與太陽的距離變近

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‎熱度增加，形成沙塵暴

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‎嚴重到可以把整個星球吞沒

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‎但在火星之外

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‎越過木星

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‎以及土星

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‎來到距離太陽30億公里之處

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‎天王星的季節在太陽系中是最極端的

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‎這顆行星完全側著旋轉

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‎（傾角98度）

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‎所以它公轉的時候

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‎夏季那半邊面對著太陽

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‎冬季那半邊則有42年見不到陽光

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‎唯有地球四季

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‎就算在極端之地

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‎也能讓生物有拚搏的機會

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‎隨著春天到來

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‎露娜一家三口走出巢穴

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‎兩隻幼熊終於可以享受第一次的暖陽

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‎可是季節交替就代表
‎幼熊們必須踏上坎坷的旅途

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‎為了要找到食物

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‎露娜必須帶牠們回到低地

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‎回到山的另一邊

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‎幼小的腿要攀山越嶺，可有得苦了

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‎還要克服幾百公尺的冰雪和岩壁

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‎只要越過山頂

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‎最困難的一段路就結束了

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‎但牠們能否存活還是未定之數

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‎要度過接下來的一年

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‎這家子就得仰賴露娜的本能

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‎牠對季節的理解

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‎每個季節

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‎都是地球在太空中運行一年的結果

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‎這樣的運行軌跡

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‎在地球尚未存在以前就開始了

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‎（46億年前的太陽系）

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‎當時，我們的太陽系跟煤灰差不多

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‎沒有太陽、沒有行星、沒有衛星

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‎只是一大團由氣體和塵埃組成的星雲

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‎然後，在一個遙遠的太陽系中

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‎一顆恆星爆炸

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‎那顆超新星發射衝擊波，穿越銀河系

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‎衝擊波撞上星雲，導致星雲向內塌陷

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‎並開始旋轉

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‎星雲越轉越快

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‎漸漸壓扁成圓盤狀

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‎形成由氣體和岩石組成的漩渦

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‎漩渦正中央，在強大的壓力下

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‎太陽誕生了

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‎而在遠離中心處，岩石與岩石相撞

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‎我們的星球開始生成

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‎直到兩千萬年後

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‎地球才完全成形

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‎跟創造出太陽的星雲一樣
‎依舊繞著它旋轉

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‎每365天繞行一周

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‎這就是地球的一年

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‎但地球的故事說到此

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‎還沒出現四季

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‎那是因為創造出四季的混亂事件

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‎尚未來臨

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‎在阿拉斯加，活力充沛的春天

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‎讓位給慵懶的夏日時光

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‎兩隻幼熊已經五個月大了

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‎至今還在學習

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‎如何當一隻熊

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‎因為牠們長得很快

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‎不時就會肚子餓

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‎雖然生活看似恬靜

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‎阿拉斯加的夏天其實很艱苦

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‎草原上找不到像樣的餐點

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‎棕熊只好吃草充飢

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‎也就是說

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‎幼熊仍需仰賴媽媽的奶水

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‎作為食物主要來源

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‎但露娜從冬眠前就沒有好好吃過飯

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‎所以牠一直餓著肚子

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‎但在鄰近的外太空中

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‎救星已經在路上了

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‎因為今天

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‎我們的星球有個好伙伴

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‎月球

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‎月球繞著地球運行

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‎是離我們最近的天體鄰居

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‎夜空中最大最亮的物體

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‎因為月球非常大又非常近

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‎它對地球產生強大的引力

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‎強大到足以影響我們的世界

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‎它將海水吸離地球表面

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‎產生潮汐現象

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‎在滿月和新月的前後幾天

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‎夏季的最低潮揭開一片全新的地景

208
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‎海岸邊露出綿延數百公尺的泥灘

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‎讓飢餓的棕熊得以踏上去挖寶

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‎露娜和牠的孩子來得正是時候

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‎但在泥灘挖寶這檔事

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‎最好交給大人來做

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‎露娜的嗅覺比我們人類好上兩千倍

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‎非常適合用來探測美味的輕食

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‎軟殼蛤蜊

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‎牠很擅於把蛤蜊掰開來

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‎幾乎一分鐘就能解決一顆

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‎在這三餐不繼的夏日
‎蛤蜊為牠好好補了補身體

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‎牠再將這些生命能量傳遞給幼熊

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‎還ㄅ

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‎能幫助露娜養家糊口，度過夏季

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‎但棕熊跟月球的關係

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‎還不僅僅於此

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‎因為地球四季
‎正是在月球形成之際產生的

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‎（44億年前的太陽系）

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‎地球成形不久後

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‎就獲得了一個伙伴

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‎但那不是月球

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‎而是另一顆在地球軌道上形成的行星

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‎這個手足名叫特亞

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‎約莫跟火星一樣大

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‎一顆由岩石和岩漿組成的大球

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‎在童年時期

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‎地球和特亞和諧共處

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‎直到年輕太陽系的引力擾動

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‎將兩顆行星置於相撞的路線上

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‎在這個關頭

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‎地球的未來懸而未決

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‎特亞被消滅了

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‎這個衝擊熔化了兩個世界

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‎在宇宙時間軸上有一瞬間

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‎我們的星球擁有兩顆衛星

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‎但後來地球引力將其中一顆拉下來

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‎被地球吞噬

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‎留下我們今日所知的唯一衛星

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‎那次撞擊從此改變了我們的星球

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‎（傾角23度）

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‎那股衝擊將地球撞歪向一邊

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‎於是今日，它以23度的傾角旋轉

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‎所以當它在軌道上運行時

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‎先是一個半球

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‎接著另一個半球

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‎會以斜角朝向太陽

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‎為地球帶來了四季

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‎夏季即將進入尾聲

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‎漸長的夜晚說明了

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‎阿拉斯加的嚴冬正在快速逼近

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‎幼熊如今已經七個月大

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‎露娜知道

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‎牠們若要熬過漫長的冬眠

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‎一家子就必須想辦法囤積脂肪

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‎不過月亮總是提醒著牠們

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‎救星正在路上

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‎距阿拉斯加海岸一千公里處

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‎有另一種生物
‎對地球的季節性節奏產生反應

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‎紅鉤吻鮭

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‎在太平洋漫游了兩年後

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‎牠們成年了

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‎此時，日長的變化

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‎促使牠們的荷爾蒙釋放到血液裡

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‎這個化學信號改變牠們的行為

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‎召喚牠們返鄉

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‎回到出生的河川繁殖

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‎露娜既疲累又飢餓

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‎但牠還是把孩子帶到了河邊

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‎因為牠感應到神奇的事即將發生

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‎這天，季節所運轉的獨特齒輪

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‎將為棕熊送上重要的救生索

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‎地球在繞行太陽的旅程中
‎來到一個關鍵位置

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‎此刻，月球讓潮水漲起

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‎提供最後一股推力

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‎將鮭魚送入河裡

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‎終於，幼熊第一次嚐到了鮭魚的滋味

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‎雖然一條魚無法讓棕熊度過整個冬季

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‎但這是幼熊在近八個月的生命中
‎第一次吃到的真正餐點

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‎第一隻鮭魚的到來讓露娜鬆一口氣

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‎因為根據經驗

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‎上游很快就會有更豐富的漁獲

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‎白天越來越短

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‎驅使鮭魚踏上歸途的荷爾蒙

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‎讓牠們在此刻產生巨大轉變

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‎牠們的頭型變了

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‎身體轉為亮紅色

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‎牠們百萬成群

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‎逆流而上，湧進牠們的產卵地

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‎棕熊故事的最後一塊拼圖就此到位

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‎這故事與地球本身一樣古老

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‎地球的形成

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‎創造出月球的撞擊事件

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‎還有地球與衛星及恆星的獨特關係

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‎共同創造出一個
‎宇宙中無與倫比的世界

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‎一顆恰到好處的星球

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‎唯一已知適合生命的所在

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‎對露娜來說

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‎45億年的宇宙歷史

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‎全凝聚到這一刻

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‎鮭魚和棕熊的年度相會

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‎難得的寶貴契機

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‎讓牠能餵飽家庭

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‎露娜和牠的孩子
‎現在擁有了過冬所需的能量

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‎雖然最終，在這顆多變的星球上
‎牠們的未來仍是未知數

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‎但至少今年，鮭魚能養活牠們

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‎而我們的星球
‎將繼續走上永不停歇的旅途

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‎環繞太陽

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‎《我們的浩瀚宇宙》下集預告

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‎這名海洋浪子的生命週期將會揭曉

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‎宇宙的一切是如何創造出來的

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‎因為每隻海龜的蛋裡

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‎都蘊藏著源自大霹靂的原子

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‎隨著恆星死亡而鑄造而成

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‎但恆星和行星是如何創造出來的？

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‎此外，相同的組成成分

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‎又是如何轉變為生物的呢？

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‎字幕翻譯：顏志翔