Hanauma Bay is one of my favorite spots in the world.
I grew up in Hawaii.
This was my backyard.
My love of the natural world began here.
When I was growing up, wild spaces and everyday spaces,
they were one and the same.
An essential part of our lives.
I wanna make sure that the world's wild spaces
are there for my kids and my grandkids.
Join me in this celebration
of our planet's greatest national parks and wilderness.
A journey through the natural wonders of our shared birthright.
My mom used to tell me that when she was pregnant,
she'd come and sit and listen to the ocean
and look at the waves lapping over the coral reefs.
She used to joke that that was the reason I was so calm.
I had spent a lot of time here even before I arrived in the world.
When I was six,
Hanauma Bay joined the growing number of protected wild spaces.
What began as a common desire to secure wilderness for people to enjoy
has become a worldwide movement
to preserve these areas for future generations.
They're a place to escape the burdens of everyday life
and an inspiration for our children.
They're a haven for endangered species…
and a hotbed for scientific research.
Not only do they nurture the greatest array of life on Earth…
…they regulate our climate,
clean our air,
purify our water.
When humanity started to protect these wild places,
we did not realize how important they would become.
Today, they are some of the last strongholds
of wilderness and wildlife.
Some remain so remote
that we're only just starting to unravel their secrets.
Take Loango National Park in Gabon on the west coast of Africa.
It's a haven for tropical forest animals.
Yet many of the creatures here are all drawn to the very same place.
The beach.
One of the last places where the vast Congo rain forest
meets the Atlantic Ocean.
Buffalo graze vegetation
coated with sea salt…
a mineral that's hard to find in the rain forest.
A red river hog…
with a craving for fresh seafood.
African forest elephants come to the beach and mingle with marine giants.
Like this one-ton leatherback turtle.
And there's one creature here
who's figured out how to make the most of all the seaside amenities.
By day, hippos stick to freshwater lagoons.
Sheltering from the sun.
As evening approaches,
they usually trek inland to favorite grazing grounds.
But not this guy.
He has other ideas.
He heads
straight for the surf!
His three-ton frame feels lighter in salt water.
The waves wash away parasites
and soothe the scrapes and bruises of the day.
There's nowhere else you'll see a hippo
in the Atlantic Ocean.
But he's not here just to take a dip.
He wants to catch the waves.
He rides the ocean swell north,
up the coast.
Until he reaches his favorite spot for dinner.
Now that he's worked up an appetite, he'll spend the whole night grazing.
As the sun sets all along this coastline,
other hippos follow suit.
Leaving their lagoons to hang ten.
The surfing hippos of Loango.
It just goes to show,
the natural world can continue to surprise us
as long as we give it space to thrive.
Nature's remaining strongholds
are often in areas that are difficult to reach,
making national parks important and valuable sanctuaries
for iconic animals,
as well as rare and extraordinary creatures.
On the other side of Africa, on the island of Madagascar,
the remote Tsingy de Bemaraha National Park.
This inaccessible stone fortress
has given rise to species found nowhere else on Earth.
A rock iguana,
recently discovered and never filmed before.
His long digits and claws help him grip the sheer rock face.
The forest surrounding the peaks shelters rare creatures
native only to the Tsingy.
Including one of the park's most elusive residents.
The Decken's sifaka.
Many of these endangered lemurs call this park home.
Like most primates, they spend much of their time in the safety of the trees.
This small group has a new responsibility.
At just eight weeks old, his strength will soon be put to the test.
So Mom gives him lots of encouragement.
Building his confidence to leave her side…
and explore his new world.
Climbing and jumping
is the best training for life in this park.
In time,
he'll cover 30 feet in a single leap.
Until then, it's baby steps.
He may be undeterred by the oppressive heat,
but the others save their energy
by resting in the shade.
It's the height of the dry season.
Sifakas mostly rely on leaves for food and water.
But resources in their patch of forest are running out.
The only fresh food lies in small, shaded sanctuaries
scattered between the peaks.
The females decide it's time to make a move.
A maze of craggy, razor-sharp spires
lie between them and survival.
Below, gaping chasms.
Baby must use all his strength to cling on to Mom.
His added weight means her every move requires pinpoint precision.
A single misstep
could prove fatal.
It's a labyrinth,
but they know a secret route.
One day, he'll learn it too,
but, for now, he just needs to hold on
tightly.
Expert hunters patrol the exposed rock.
They shouldn't stay out here any longer.
Mom makes one last push…
…closing in on safety…
until finally…
they reach a sanctuary hidden between the rocks…
full of juicy leaves.
An epic and exhausting journey.
One he'll repeat many times
in the years to come.
The more isolated the national park,
the more unusual its creatures
and the more extraordinary their behaviors.
Which makes islands especially important to protect.
Like this one in southern Japan.
Home to Yakushima National Park and an ancient forest.
Moss carpets the ground.
Fig and banyan trees
knit their roots through the landscape.
Giant Japanese cedars,
some over a thousand years old, tower high overhead.
Isolation has shaped the creatures that live here.
Many that live on islands are smaller than their mainland cousins.
This sika deer is just three feet tall.
His diet of dead leaves is filling,
but it's not the tastiest.
And it doesn't satisfy his sweet tooth.
If only he could reach the fruits and berries high above.
But there are windfalls in Yakushima.
If you know where to find them.
Japanese macaques.
This is the gang he was hoping to find.
Now, he just has to be patient.
And the macaques are the key
to the sweetest food in the forest.
They say good things come to those who wait.
All the deer know that these monkeys
are messy eaters.
The food they drop is packed with sugars.
But there's only so much to go around.
The deer make the most of the feast while it lasts.
But a distracted stag becomes
the perfect plaything.
And it turns out, there's no such thing as a free lunch.
In return for eating his fill,
the deer is taken for a joyride.
It's good to keep your allies on your side.
But this is definitely the last stop.
Our national parks do much more than provide wildlife with food and sanctuary.
And we're still learning the true benefits of protecting wilderness.
In 1872,
Yellowstone, in the western United States,
became the first national park in the world.
Two million acres of wild space in the Rocky Mountains.
Geologically active
and spectacular.
Home to the largest concentration of wildlife
in the lower 48 states.
One of America's greatest ideas.
Established for the benefit and enjoyment of the people.
And it caught on, sparking a global movement.
Today, around 15% of land
and nearly 8% of our oceans have been protected.
Most of it in my lifetime.
We've come to understand the true value of these last wild places
and that what happens inside our parks affects us all.
Take rain forests.
They're home to more than half of all life on land.
If you're not sure why this biodiversity is so important to protect,
consider this.
A quarter of all our medicines
originated in rain forests.
We're still discovering new medical advances
hiding in plain sight.
In Costa Rica's Manuel Antonio National Park,
even familiar faces can surprise us.
A three-fingered sloth
enjoys the sun.
With the slowest metabolism of any mammal,
he can't afford to waste energy.
But he's hungry.
Fortunately, he doesn't have far to go.
When it can take a month to digest a single leaf,
you may as well look for just the right one.
Like all sloths, he struggles to see.
So he sniffs for the best leaves.
Passing on the old ones.
Until he finds
perfection.
But dinner is going to have to wait.
The rain chills him.
Unlike the monkeys,
he can't warm up by moving quickly.
But the rain forest provides the ideal sun chair,
from which to perform a neat trick.
He changes color,
turning vivid green.
It's algae so far found only on sloths
that gives him his unique tinge.
And that's not all.
There's an entire micro kingdom living in his fur.
At least 80 species call this place home…
including sloth moths,
who spend their adult lives on their gentle host.
His perfect mix of thick, damp fur, warmed by the sun,
ensures the little world inside his coat thrives.
That's why scientists believe that this sloth
could now benefit all of us.
He's like a tiny pharmaceutical factory.
Fungus in his fur produces chemicals
that have the potential to fight cancer, malaria,
and antibiotic-resistant superbugs.
If we can protect him and his rain forest,
this sleepy sloth might just save us all.
To safeguard our parks and all their inhabitants,
we must also protect the health of lands and waters beyond their borders.
Because every protected wilderness, no matter how remote,
is connected to the outside world…
through the movements of wind,
water,
and wildlife.
Over Australia's north coast,
a quarter of a million magpie geese flock together…
heading for Kakadu National Park.
A landscape dominated by wetlands, rivers, and billabongs,
where shifting waters shape the fortunes of all.
In the dry season, the geese gorge on water chestnuts
revealed in muddy shallows.
But one animal's good fortune can be another's peril.
Saltwater crocodiles,
the world's largest reptiles.
The dry season is a dangerous time for these predators.
A 15-foot male trying to make his way to deeper water
must cross a rival's patch.
But it's worth taking the gamble.
Crocs that don't move in time risk being entombed
in the drying mud.
But he makes it to the river system that connects Kakadu to the sea.
Now, his mission picks up pace.
He passes on his usual prey.
There are better options where he's heading.
Cahills Crossing.
A road that only floods at the highest tides of the year.
He's timed it perfectly.
As the river rises,
mullet traveling from the sea
take their only chance to run the crossing
and continue their journey upstream to their spawning grounds.
And the crocs know it…
making this possibly the greatest gathering
of saltwater crocodiles on Earth.
But the water's so churned up, he can't see the fish.
So he splays his limbs
and points his digits.
His scales are covered in pressure sensors.
By spreading out, he can more accurately detect the movement of his prey.
Driven by instinct, the mullet won't turn back.
These ancient predators have the most powerful bite in the animal kingdom.
Then, just an hour after high tide…
it's all over.
He returns to his solitary life,
the beneficiary of the park's protection
and the rich bounty that comes from the seas beyond Kakadu.
Australia's Great Barrier Reef.
One and a half thousand miles of reef, atolls, and islands.
The largest coral reef system in the world.
Most of it protected as a marine park.
Beneath the surface,
an explosion of life and diversity.
It's a busy underwater metropolis.
Corals represent just 1% of the ocean,
yet support nearly a quarter of all marine life.
The Great Barrier Reef is so extraordinary…
that even the smallest of places here has a huge role to play.
Raine Island is just half a mile long.
A tiny strip of sand in a vast ocean.
The park is a lifeline
for 90% of the region's endangered green sea turtles.
Each summer, thousands of them travel huge distances across the Pacific
to reach this tiny island…
the largest green turtle nesting site in the world.
Up to one million eggs are laid in the sand here every season.
As they have been for a thousand years.
But our world is changing fast.
Today, the accelerating pace of climate change
is having a devastating impact.
The hatchling's sex is determined by the temperature inside its nest.
Hotter sands now mean that up to 99% of eggs that hatch here
are female.
And there's more.
As the planet warms and waters rise,
nest sites can flood, drowning the eggs.
With much of the beach just inches above sea level,
Raine Island is at serious risk.
It's been said that we're the first generation
to feel the impact of global warming.
And the last that can do something about it.
Our parks, like the rest of the planet,
are now threatened by extreme weather,
escalating pollution,
and biodiversity and habitat loss.
Some of it, the result of the choices we all make in our daily lives.
We risk our own well-being…
and that of future generations.
But we're not powerless.
We can turn things around.
If we act now.
In some protected places, we already have.
In the heart of Africa, Rwanda's Volcanoes National Park.
After genocide tore the country apart,
this tiny nation rebuilt.
And as Rwanda healed,
it prioritized conservation.
The rich volcanic soil is farmed right up to a discreet stone wall.
Beyond the boundary,
one of the last two populations of endangered mountain gorillas.
The family is making the most of the bamboo.
There are nine females in this troop,
including this mother with her newborn,
the youngest gorilla in the whole park.
Just three weeks old, she's barely able to raise her head.
In a few months, she'll be given a name
by the Rwandan government
in a ceremony that celebrates the arrival of each new gorilla.
She and her seven siblings are part of a baby boom
which has seen mountain gorilla numbers double.
While their father, Mirambo,
grabs a little shut-eye,
his three-year-old son, Paradiso,
keeps a watchful eye over the family.
He seems keen to impress Dad…
…and has all the makings of a future leader.
But he's gonna need some shaping.
Volcanoes National Park is a gorilla's paradise,
but it wasn't always this way.
Just 40 years ago, poaching and habitat destruction were rife.
But efforts to protect the gorillas mean that, today,
Mirambo and his family are safe.
Even when they do leave the sanctuary of their forest.
They carefully cross the park wall.
Others, too, leave the park in search of delicacies.
Rare golden monkeys that live only in these mountains
come to pocket potatoes.
But wildlife isn't harmed.
And neither do farmers lose out.
Damaged crops are paid for,
and revenue from wildlife tourism is reinvested in local communities.
Meaning people can live sustainably with nature.
And there are plans to increase the size of the park.
Ensuring that by the time Paradiso reigns here,
his future, and that of his species, is secure.
Active conservation is responsible for protecting
so many of the world's national parks and their inhabitants.
In Yellowstone, that's included species
that are fundamental to a nation's identity.
Just over 100 years ago,
American bison were facing extinction.
Today, in the safety of the trees,
a bison calf, just minutes old.
Soon, she'll be strong enough to explore her world
and meet her playmates.
Some 5,000 bison now roam Yellowstone.
A key attraction for the millions of visitors
who come to the park each year.
The feeling of seeing a bison for the first time
is something I will never forget.
It's here that, as a kid,
I started to truly appreciate for the first time my place in nature.
That I was part of something much bigger than myself.
I wish everybody had the chance to visit a national park.
To experience the sheer joy and wonder of nature.
To understand that each one of us is part of this precious natural world.
Each breath we take.
Each glass of water we drink.
So many of the medical and scientific discoveries we make.
The fabric of wild space connects to our lives in so many ways.
It's up to us to protect it,
to care for it,
and to pass on these wild spaces to the next generation.
Join me as we explore the wonders and secrets
of some of the most extraordinary national parks on the planet.